Tomohon, Town Between Two Volcanoes

Tomohon, located in North Sulawesi, is a city renowned for its vibrant floral culture and stunning volcanic landscapes. Formerly part of the Minahasa Regency, Tomohon was established as an independent municipality in 2003, becoming the third city in the province. Its proximity to Manado, the provincial capital (just 25 kilometers away), and its well-developed tourist facilities have made it a popular destination for both local and international visitors.

Historical Significance and Location

Despite its relatively small size and population compared to other North Sulawesi municipalities, Tomohon holds historical significance. For centuries, European missionaries frequented the area, drawn to its tranquil atmosphere. They utilized Tomohon as a resting place, acclimating to the tropical climate before undertaking further journeys or returning home.

Volcanic Landscape

Tomohon's defining feature is its dramatic volcanic setting. The city is nestled between two prominent volcanoes:

• Mount Lokon: An active volcano situated northwest of Tomohon. Its eruption cycles vary, ranging from several months to approximately 20 years, as monitored by the Kakaskasen Volcano Observatory (KKVO).
• Mount Mahawu: A dormant volcano located northeast of Tomohon, with eruption cycles estimated between 60 to 70 years.

These volcanoes are integral components of the North Sulawesi caldera, shaping the region's topography and natural environment.

Biodiversity and Ecology

Tomohon boasts rich biodiversity, largely attributed to its volcanic terrain. The surrounding forests, particularly on Mount Lokon and Mount Mahawu, remain largely pristine, providing habitats for diverse flora and fauna. Notable species include:

• Minahasan Fig (Ficus minahassae): An endemic fig species found in the forests of Sulawesi and the Philippines.
• Sulawesi Toad (Ingerophrynus celebensis): A toad species inhabiting the region's forested areas.
• Scaly-breasted Kingfisher (Actenoides princeps): Mount Mahawu offers excellent birdwatching opportunities, particularly for this species.
• Sultan's Cuckoo-Dove (Macropygia dorea): Often observed on Mount Lokon during trekking expeditions.

The presence of unexplored jungle areas suggests the potential for undiscovered species within Tomohon's forests.

Tourist Attractions

Tomohon offers a variety of attractions that cater to diverse interests:

• Volcano Trekking: Mount Lokon and Mount Mahawu are popular destinations for trekking enthusiasts.
• Scenic Landscapes: The Woloan rice fields and the Mount Mahawu farmlands provide picturesque settings for photography and relaxation.
• Lake Linow: A volcanic lake located south of Tomohon, renowned for its dynamic color-changing phenomena.
• Waterfalls: Several waterfalls are scattered throughout the Tomohon area, offering refreshing natural retreats.

Tomohon International Flower Festival (TIFF)

A highlight of Tomohon's annual calendar is the Tomohon International Flower Festival (TIFF), a celebration of the city's floral heritage. Since its inception in 2003, TIFF has become a significant event, featuring:

• Tournament of Flowers: A parade and competition showcasing elaborately decorated flower-laden trucks, with participants representing local and international institutions.
• Fashion Carnival: A vibrant display of floral-themed fashion.
• Thanksgiving Ceremony: A cultural event expressing gratitude for the region's abundance.